Oruro's city was established by the name of " Villa de San Felipe de Austria" by the Spanish Manuel Castro de Padilla on November 1, 1606.
Oruro was the first city where our flag flutter, also it was the first one that had a railroad. In 1921 the first flight took place in an airplane that was guided by Juan Mendoza whose ship landed in Papel Pampa.
From the moment in which Oruro was declared " The Capital of the folklore ", many folklore groups arise and also solists. This ancient folklore, in his real essence, is born in the myth, in these beliefs that are transmitted by generations accentuating a deep faith mixed with paganism and the Catholic religion.
The major representation of this folklore is "La Diablada", which is a dance representing the fight between the good and evil. The devil is the born myth of the "Uncle" of the miners, is the one that brings good or bad luck. In contraposition one finds the Catholic religion with the "Virgen de la Candelaria", who appeared in Oruro's mines, today more known as the "Virgin of the Socavón ".
GEOGRAPHICAL ASPECTS Oruro's department is placed in the center West of the country in the zone of the altiplane included between the Oriental and Western branches from the Mountain chain of The Andes with a height of 3.706 meters on the level of the sea, and a surface of 53.588 Km2. Oruro's borders are: in the northern part with La Paz, in the southern part with Potosí, in the eastern part with Cochabamba and in the western part with the Republic of Chile. TEMPERATURE The weather is cold and dry. The annual average of temperature changes between 12ºC and 6ºC. It has an annual average of rainfall that ranges between 200 and 400 mm. POPULATION Oruro's department has a population of 393.991 habitants (Estimated 2000 INE) with a density of population of 7.35 habitants per Km2. Oruro's City has a population of 248.273 habitants (Estimated 2000 INE)
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